New study finds the minimum blood sugar levels to avoid diabetes

Notably, the study followed participants for more than 30 years following their type 1 diabetes diagnosis, and the findings were published in Diabetes Care, according to news agency ANI.

Controlling blood sugar levels reduces risk of diabetes:

According to the findings, individuals with diabetes may sustain damage to the tiny blood arteries in several organs. Although the causes of this are unknown, it has long been understood that maintaining adequate blood sugar control lowers the likelihood of problems. However, it is unclear what level of long-term sugar, or HbA1c, persons with type 1 diabetes should maintain to prevent severe harm to their kidneys’ and eyes’ blood vessels.

The study’s principal investigator, Linkoping University professor emeritus Hans Arnqvist, stated that “our study precisely specifies the levels of long-term sugar that can avoid difficulties.” A person may be more motivated to maintain a healthy blood sugar level after learning this information.

Researchers have followed all children and adults younger than 35 who developed type 1 diabetes between 1983 and 1987 and who got care in the South-East Healthcare Region of Sweden as part of the current study, known as VISS (Vascular Diabetic Complications in Southeast Sweden). The study covered all 447 people in the area who received a new diagnosis during this time. The HbA1c measurements of the patients were monitored by the researchers because they represent their average blood sugar levels over a longer time period. According to the ANI article, they also kept a watch on how these patients’ eyes and kidneys were doing 32 to 36 years following their diagnoses.

In type 1 diabetes, the tiny blood vessels in the eyes are especially prone to injury. The majority of people develop minor eye hemorrhages that do not impair their eyesight. The retina may occasionally generate new blood vessels. Proliferative retinopathy is the later condition, which can result in blindness. The region of the retina known as the “macula,” which is where high-focus vision is located, is affected by diabetes in a different way. Vision is hazy due to damage in this area. Although the critical small blood arteries in the kidneys can also be damaged, they are less susceptible to harm from high blood sugar levels than the eye. Blood proteins are excreted in the urine as a result of such injury.

A healthy person’s blood sugar level is tightly regulated, with a maximum HbA1c level of 42 mmol/mol (6.0%). “Our study’s findings indicate that in order to entirely prevent significant damage, patients with type 1 diabetes who have had the condition for at least 32 years should maintain a mean long-term sugar level below 53 mmol/mol (7.0%). As the amount rises, the likelihood of renal and ocular issues increases. Our findings have implications for preventing problems brought on by blood vessel injury. However, it is impossible to strictly control a patient’s blood sugar level if they have hypoglycemia or other low blood sugar issues “Hans Arnqvist says.

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